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Grief Therapy

Dual Process Model of Grief

The Dual Process Model (DPM) of grief is an evidence-based framework that recognizes healthy grief as an oscillation between loss-oriented coping and restoration-oriented coping — honoring sorrow while also rebuilding life.

Evidence-Based Grief Framework 12–20 sessions typical Developed by Dr. Margaret Stroebe and Dr. Henk Schut

Quick Facts

Typical Duration 12–20 sessions
Best For Grief, loss, bereavement
Session Format Individual (50 min)

Last reviewed by Shannon Tarolli, LPCMH, NCC, CCATP — May 2026

The Dual Process Model of Grief offers a research-based understanding of how people heal after loss. Unlike stage models, it recognizes that grief doesn't follow a linear path. Instead, healthy grieving involves moving back and forth between two orientations: loss-oriented coping (grieving the loss directly) and restoration-oriented coping (adjusting to secondary consequences of loss and rebuilding life).

This oscillation is not avoidance — it's a normal and necessary part of grief. At Clarity, grief therapy drawing on the DPM helps clients honor the depth of their loss while also gently creating space for a new life alongside it.

How It Works

The Dual Process Model of Grief process

  1. 1

    Loss-Oriented Processing

    Grieving the loss directly — experiencing and processing the pain, longing, and sorrow.

  2. 2

    Restoration-Oriented Processing

    Attending to life changes that result from loss — new roles, identity shifts, practical adjustments.

  3. 3

    Oscillation

    Developing the capacity to move between grief and restoration, allowing both without getting stuck in either.

  4. 4

    Meaning-Making

    Finding ways to carry the person or thing lost forward in a continuing bond, not as a sign of unresolved grief but as a form of love.

Who It's For

Conditions treated with Dual Process Model of Grief

Grief & LossBereavementComplicated GriefDisenfranchised GriefDepression Following Loss
  • People grieving the death of a loved one, including unexpected or traumatic loss
  • Those whose grief feels "stuck" or more intense than expected
  • Individuals navigating losses that feel unacknowledged by others (pet loss, miscarriage, relationship end)
  • Anyone needing a safe, compassionate space to process sorrow
Evidence Base

What the research says

The Dual Process Model is one of the most influential and empirically supported frameworks in bereavement research

Stroebe & Schut (1999), Death Studies
Our Specialists

Clinicians trained in Dual Process Model of Grief

Shannon Tarolli, LPCMH, NCC, CCATP Accepting Clients
Shannon Tarolli
LPCMH, NCC, CCATP

With over 11 years of experience, Shannon specializes in grief, OCD, trauma, and anxiety. She takes a client-centered approach, creating a safe and supportive space built on trust and compassion. Her goal is to help clients build resiliency, practice psychological flexibility, and develop a new, profound acceptance of their emotions.

  • Anxiety
  • OCD
  • Trauma
  • Grief & Loss
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Common Questions

Frequently asked questions

Ready to try Dual Process Model of Grief?

Book a free 15-minute consultation with one of our licensed therapists.

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